The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Technology Management and Organizational Performance

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is now a key technology management issue as it alters the way organisations are able to acquire, deploy, govern and derive value from their digital resources. This paper reviews literature from the last five years to assess how AI is affecting technology management practices and organizational performance, conducting an integrative review of relevant peer-reviewed literature and policy evidence. The paper builds on the resource-based view, the dynamic capabilities and the technology–organization–environment view, conceptualizing AI as a capability and not just a tool. The synthesis suggests a correlation between AI adoption and better operational efficiency, data-centric decision making, innovation, adapting to market needs, and, in an enabling environment, financial and non-financial performance. But these advantages hinge upon complementary assets like digital infrastructure, managerial and technical abilities, data quality, governance and employee preparedness. The review also pinpoints obstacles including resource limitations, technological intricacy, moral doubt, and organizational change reluctance. It claims that the technology management is an intervening variable between investing in AI and achieving greater results, with organizations achieving better results when AI is linked to strategy, integrated into routine and innovative processes, and complemented by learning mechanisms. The study makes a significant contribution to the field of AI-enabled technology management by providing a capability-based framework and practical implications for managers looking to transform the adoption of AI into long-term organizational success. Further studies are warranted with longitudinal and multi-level designs for exploring causality, governance, workforce results, and cross-sectoral and firm size performance differences.